Machine for forging



(No Model.) 3'Sl1eetsSheet 1.

P, BYRNE.

MAGH-INE FOR FORGING LINKS.

No. 427,458. PatentedMay 6, 1890.

THE Nomus PETERs coI, vnorzun'um, WASHINGTON, o c.

3 sheets-sheet 2 (No Model.)

P. BYRNE. MAGHINE FOR FORGING LINKS.

Patented May 6, 1890.

. Svwemlm:

n15 NORM! PEYEHS co., mormuwu wnsummuu, n. c.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

P. BYRNE.

MACHINE FOR FORGING LINKS.

naw/Mica UNITED STATES PATENT, Qrrrcn- PATRICK BYRNE, OF BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA.

MACHINE FOR FORGING LINKS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 427,458, dated May 6, 1890.

Application filed November 5, 1889- Serial No. 329,259. (Nomodeh) To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, PATRICK BYRNE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Birming- 11am,- in the county of Jefferson and State of Alabama, have invented a new and useful Machine for Forging Car-Links, Chain-Links, &c., of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for forging car-links, chain-links, coupling-pins, and various other car irons and forgin gs by pressure; and it has for its object to construct a machine which shall be simple and efficient in operation and by means of which the operation of bending and forging may be rapidly and effectively carried out.

The invention consists in the improved construction, arrangement, and combination of parts, which will be hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings hereto annexed, Figure 1 is a front elevation, partly in section, of a machine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal transverse sectional View. Fig. 4 is a detail view of the forging-dies. Fig. 5'is a sectional detail view showing the welding-dies in position. Fig. 6 is a sectional detail view showing weldingdies of a different construction in position for operation.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

1 designates the base of the machine, which is mounted upon legs or supports 2 2, and which supports the uprights 3 3, forming the sides of the main frame. The said uprights are provided at their upper ends with boxes or bearings for the main shaft 4, which is provided with gear-wheels 5 5, mounted adjacent to the inner sides of the uprights of the frame, and meshing with pinions 6, which are mounted securely upon the shaft '7. .The

bifurcated end of the bell-crank lever 13, which is pivoted to a bracket 14., extending outwardly from one of the uprights 3. The horizontal arm of the bell-crank lever 13 is connected by a pivoted rod 15 with one end of the foot lever or treadle 16, one end of which has a weight 17, which serves to hold the clutch-collar 11 normally out of engagement with the clutch upon the gear-wheel 9. The latter meshes with a pinion 18 upon the driving-shaft 19, and the said driving-shaft is provided with fixed and loose drums or pulleys 20 and 21 to receive motion from a power of any suitable description. The driving-shaft 19 is also provided at each end with fly-wheels 22.

The sides or uprights 3 of the frame are provided with vertical slots 23, affording guideways for the cross-head 24, which has a vertically-sliding movement in the said ways. The cross-head consists of a hollow casting the front and rear sides of which are connected at the ends and bottom. The ends of the cross-head have outwardly-extending arms, 25 terminating in spindles 26, which are connected by the pivoted rods or pitmen 27 with the wrist-pins 28 upon crank-wheels 29, mounted at the outer ends of themain shaft 4.

The bottom of the cross-head 2Lis provided with slots 30, in which are pivoted a pair of downwardly-extending arms 31, the upper ends of which are connected by a tractionvspring 32, which serves to hold the lower ends of said arms normally spread apart. Suitably journaled to the lower ends of the arms 31 are the pressure-rollers 33, of which any desired number may be used and which may be arranged in' any desired position with relation to each other, according to the character of the forging which is to be made by the ma chine. The said rollers are provided with annular grooves, which are to be of any suitable shape, according to the forging which is to be made.

3t designates the roller-ways, which are provided with flanges 35, adapted to receive the bolts 36, whereby they are secured to the base and to the insides of the uprights of the machine. The said roller-ways are in the form of inclined tracks converging at their lower ends and upon which the rollers 33 are guided when the cross-head carrying the pivoted arms to which the said rollers are journaled 'descends.

Suitably bolted to the base or frame of the machine is an angle-plate 37, to the front side of which the one half of the die 38 is secured detachably in any suitable manner. The other half 39 of the die is likewise secured detachably to an angle-plate 40, which has a longitudinally-sliding movement toward and from the face of the die mt unted upon the an gle-plate 37. The angle-plate 40 is actuated by means of a cam operated by means of a hand-lever 42, which may be readily grasped and manipulated by the operator.

In the drawings hereto annexed my improved machine has been shown equipped with dies, rollers, and roller-ways for constructing an ordinary oval link, such as a coupling-link for railroad-cars; but it will be understood that by exchanging the dies, the roller-ways, and the roller-carrying arms and rollers for others havin g a different construction the machine maybe adapted to the manufacture of forgings of different kinds and shapes, such as chain-links, couplingpins, and the like. VVelding-dies may also be substituted for the forging-dies, as will be presently more fully described.

In the present instance the forging-dies are provided with annular grooves or recesses in their faces, which, when the faces of the dies are brought together, form a semicircular and inner groove adapted to receive and form the inner half of the link. The movable die 39 is provided at its upper end with a hook 43, adapted to enter the recess 44 in the stationary die 38. The object of this hook is after the forging has been completed and when the dies are separated to remove the forging from the face of the stationary die and permit it to drop through a slot 45, formed for this purpose in the base of the machine, and under which a chute or slide is arranged for the purpose of conveying it to some suitable place of deposit.

To the face of one of the uprights 3 of the frame is bolted or otherwise suitably secured a tubular guide or sleeve 46, in which is mounted an adjustable tubular cutter 51, the front end of which has a diagonalcuttingedge 47, adapted to engage a shear or cutter 4S, whi'clris bolted to the under side of the vertically-movable cross-head 24, from which it extends downwardly, as will be seen in the drawings. The said sleeve 46 forms a guide for the iron bar 49 from which the forging is to be made. Suitably secured to the opposite upright 3 is an adjustable gage 50 to regulate the distance to which the bar 49 shall be allowed to be fed.

The operation of this part of the invention will be readily understood from the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings hereto annexed. The bar or blank, which has been previously heated to the desired degree, is fed through the tubular cutchine.

ter 51 until its end reaches the adjustable gage 50. The faces of the dies 38 39 are meanwhile in contact with each other, and the blank or bar will thus be caused to rest upon the upper side of the said dies in the annular groove of the same, the blank having been fed through the perforation or opening formed by the hook 43, which thus serves to retain and steady the blank. The operator now by means of the foot-lever 16 throws the clutch 11 into engagement with the gear-wheel 9, thus causing the shaft 7 to revolve and to communicate a rotary motion to the shaft 4, whereby the cross-head. 24 is caused to descend. The cutter 48 severs the blank or bar 49 obliquely, and the ends of the said blank or bar are then engaged by the rollers 33, mounted in the arms 31, as they descend upon the inclined guideways 34, thereby bending the ends of the said blank or bar and forcing it into the annular groove of the die. After completing its downstroke the cross -head again ascends, and the operator releases the pressure upon the foot-lever 16, thus throwing the machine temporarily out of gear. The dies 38 39 are then separated by operating the hand-lever 43, and the link or forging is permitted to drop through the slot 45, as before described, thus leaving the machine ready for a repetition of the operation.

Then the machine is to be employed for welding chain-links, the roller-ways are to be detached from the machine, and the rollercarrying arms and the dies 38 and 39 are likewise removed. In lieu of the latter the welding-dies 52 (shown in Fig. 5) may be'secured upon the faces of the angle-plates 37 and 40, and a top welding-die 53 may be attached to the under side of the cross-head. The dies 52 are vertically adjustable by means of setscrews 54,bearing against the base of the ma- The operation of this device is obvious. The link, after being heated to a welding heat, is placed upon the dies 52, and the crosshead carrying the die 53 is caused to descend, thus performing the operation of welding by pressure alone. After the cross-head has again been permitted to ascend, the lower welding-dies 52 are separated by sliding the angle-plate 40 in a forward direction by means of a hand-lever 42, and the finished link is thus permitted to drop through the slot 45 in the baseof the machine.

A different construction of welding-dies for welding the link on its flat side has been shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings. In this only one bottom die is used, which is vertically adj ustable by means of a set-screw 55. A top die 56 is seen red to the under side of the crosshead. The operation is substantially the same as before, with the exception that after the operation of welding the link must be removed in the ordinary manner by means of tongs.

It will be obvious from the foregoing that a great variety of dies of different shapes and construction may be used in connection with my improved machine. It is also obvious that for making forgings other than links dies of a different nature will have to be employed. Such dies Will form the subject-matter of future applications for Letters Patent; but I desire here to state that I reserve the right to any modifications of the devices herein shown which may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Havingthus described my inventiomwhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 15-- 1. In a machine for pressure forging, the combination of the base, the vertically-slotted uprights, the vertically sliding cross-head having arms extending through the slots of the uprights and terminating in pintles at their outer ends, pitmen connecting the latter with wrist-pin disks upon the ends of a shaft journaled at the upper end of the frame, and the angle-plates mounted upon the base, one stationary and the other movable, said cross'head and angle-plates being adapted for the attachment of suitabledies, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the vertically-reciprocatin cross-head having slots in its under side, of the arms mounted pivotally in said slots, the annularly-grooved rollers journaled to the lower ends of said arms, and the traction-spring connecting the upper ends of the latter, substantially as set forth.

The combination of the base, the vertically-slotted uprights, the vertically-reciprocating cross-head, the arms mounted pivotally in the latter and having the annularlygroovedrollers, the guideways for said rollers, mounted detachably upon the base, and the angle-plates mounted upon the base, one stationary, the other movable, and adapted to support the dies, substantially as set forth.

4. In a machine for pressure forging, hav ing the vertically-reciprocating cross-head provided with pivoted arms having annularly-grooved rollers, the roller-ways mounted detachably upon the bed of the machine, and the dies secured detachably to angleplates mounted upon the bed facing each other, one of said angle-plates being laterally movable to separate the faces of the dies or to bring them together, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of the bed or base, the angle-plate mounted permanently upon the same, the lateially-movable angle-plate, the dies secured detachably to the faces of said angle plates, the vertically reciprocating cross-head having the pivoted roller-arms, and suitable operating mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination, with the main frame and base, of a stationary angle-plate mounted in the said base, a laterallyqnovable angleplate mounted in front of said stationary plate, a cam-lever for operating the said laterallymovable angle-plate, and the dies mounted detachably upon the faces of the angleplates, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination of the base, the uprights, a tubular sleeve secured to one of said uprights, a tubular cutter mounted adjustably in the said sleeve, an adjustable gage secured to the other upright, and the vertically-reciprocating cross -head having the shear or'cutter secured to its under side, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, with the base having a slot for the escape of the forging, of the stationary and the movable angle plates mounted upon said base, the separable dies mounted detaehably upon the face of said angle-plates, the frame, the sleeve mounted on one of the uprights of the same, the tubular cutter arranged adj ustably in said sleeve, the gage mounted adjustably upon the other upright of the frame, and the vertically-reciprocating cross-head having the formingdies or roller-arms and provided with a downward-extending cutter to engage the tubular cutter, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of the centrally-slotted base, the stationary and the laterally-mow able angle-plates mounted thereon, the dies mounted upon the faces of said angle-plates, the vertically-reciprocating cross-head having the pivoted roller-carrying arms, and the roller guides or Ways mounted detachably upon the base of the machine, substantially as set forth.

10. In a pressure forging-machine, the combination, with a stationary angle-plate and a laterally-movable an gle-plate mounted upon the base of the machine, of the dies secured detachably to the said angle-plates and having annularly grooved edges at their meeting faces, one of said dies being provided at its upper end with the forwardly extending hook and the other die with a corresponding recess, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

11. The combination of the base having a transverse slot, the stationary angle -plate, the movable angle-plate, the dies provided, respectively, with a hook and a recess, the vertically-reciprocatiug cross-head, the arms or jaws pivoted in the latter, the annularlygrooved rollers journaled to the said arms,

the traction-spring connecting the upper-ends PATRICK BYRNE.

\Vitnesses:

V W. R. STARBUCK, CHAS. MORGAN. 

